Open or map ports It turns out to be one of the solutions for some connection problems, videoconferences, online games, etc. If you are a regular user, You may have heard of this term but don't know what it is or how to do it.
A port can be compared to a room, to which only the people who work in that department enter. So, if they close, generates problems, that can be solved by opening them, thus facilitating computer traffic. There are several brands of routers, either Enlace tp or among others that is responsible for sending and processing the data, and with the help of ports, perform this operation in an orderly manner.
The first thing you should know is that there are 65536 ports which are classified into three different levels which are:
- Known ports: these ports they are from 0 a 1023, that are always open, are reserved for the operating system and are used by web servers such as HTTP, POP3 email servers / SMTP y Telnet.
- Registered ports: are the ports used by applications and games installed on your PC that go from 1024 a 49151.
- Dynamic or private ports: They are from 49152 al 65535 used by P2P servers, games or online applications among others.
How can I open the ports of a router?
There are different representations that allow you to open the ports of a router, but this depends on the device or device. However, there are only two ways to run this process because there is only the automatic way and the manual way.
Automatically
Nowadays, routers have a mechanical unlocking feature called Plug and Play universal (UPnP) in its ports. What makes it have direct communication with other applications that are compatible to also be able to automatically open the ports redirecting them to each required device.
However, with the automatic form it is allowed that at the moment when the port is sending or receiving information it remains open, although when there is inactivity within a certain period of time it closes automatically so as not to perform a manual opening.
Thus, There is no doubt that the most current routers have a function that the previous Universal Plug and Play or UPnP did not have, This feature enables and disables ports automatically of the router you use, which gives you greater security. To activate the UPnP function of your router you must follow the steps that we will give you below.
- Enter the router settings, type the IP address of your network gateway in the address bar.
- You will enter the router with the username and password created at startup, with this the option to activate UPnP will appear. This one has its own menu, otherwise it can be found in the NAT option or in Advanced Settings.
- You can see if the option is activated, by default it is usually disabled, activate it and save the changes made.
Another procedure similar to this is the DMZ or Demilitarized Zone, which is more recommended for game consoles. This is due to the lack of security it provides, leaving all ports open, which is not recommended.
By performing any of these processes you will see how your network connectivity, video conferencing or online games improve in many ways. You can check if they are found active router ports and that the changes were saved as follows.
By hand
To open the routers manually you just have to understand that you have to follow the step by step, since you have to keep in mind that each one has a distinctive interface. This means that there are differences in all routers, including those from the same company.
It is necessary to take into account that the menu, their names and sections highlight the differences because having a different interface there is no default process to open a router port manually.
What you need to know is that when you go into the router interface settings, logs into NAT, Port Forwarding or Advanced Options. The required data is completed there, namely, the IP of the device to which the information will be sent and the protocol to be used.
After entering the data, the configuration is saved, It is recommended that at the end of the configured and saved process, the router is manually rebooted.
This means that to perform this process you must first know your IP address since to make the changes it is necessary to identify it. There are several ways to find out, in Windows you can do it by entering the command prompt and then placing the command ipconfig, You can do this even to open the ports of your Huawei or any other brand modem.
This command will reveal a string of values, there we will find a default link that will be the IP address.
Each the router has a different interfaceThis may change depending on the manufacturer, we will show you how to do it generically.
- Go into your router's settings her will require your IP address hence the importance of knowing him well.
- The second step is to select one of these options: NAT, Port Fowarding, others may also appear, for example as Advanced Options.
- After selecting it, A menu will appear in which you will have to put data of the port you want to activate. Name, LAN IP address or WAN IP, start and end LAN port, start and end WAN port, protocolo UDP / TCP.
- When you finish filling in the information for the port you want activate saves information, it may be necessary to restart the router.
From Mac: Acceda a Network Utility, Port Scan, enter the IP address, Explore and verify the ports you have opened. Windows 10: press windows + R, cmd, Enter, enter the command netstat –an, Enter, a list of ports and protocols will open.
Following the steps we take and familiarizing ourselves with them, you can even expand or limit bandwidth. Since they are similar in a way, that way you get the most out of your network.
What types of router ports are there?
There are three groups of ports to facilitate the location of each, how is it configured and what is it called. There are the ports of 0 a 1023, which are the best known. The ports of 1024 until 49151 the registered ones are also named. Finally there are the 49152 al 65535 which are known as private. Taking into account this information, the access and the process for each port is easier.
Ports 0 a 1023
The ports of 0 until 1023 They are the ones that usually remain open because they are assigned to the operating system and the services that each device has.
In addition, these ports have more common communication protocols than the others, since the port 80 is used to allow Internet browsing via HTTP, port 25 has been assigned to the SMTP mail protocol and the port is used 21. mainly for FTP connections.
Ports 1024 a 49151
This range of ports ranging from 1024 until 49151 They are used both by applications and gaming platforms as well as by gammers. They are configured automatically when you install those applications.
Ports 49152 a 65535
Those ranging from 49152 al 65535 are known as private ports because they are assigned in a distinctive way, since they are used by clients that need to connect to a certain server in a specific way.
